| 两会 | two sessions |
| 全国人民代表大会 | the National People's Congress (NPC) |
| 中国人民政治协商会议 | the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) |
| 人大代表 | delegate to NPC |
| 政协委员 | member of CPPCC |
| 人大代表议案 | motion |
| 政协委员提案 | proposal |
| 全国人民代表大会常务委员会 | the NPC Standing Committee |
| 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会 | the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee |
| 十三届全国人大一次会议 | the first annual session of the 13th National People's Congress |
| 全国政协十三届一次会议 | the first session of 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consutative Conference |
| 履行职责 | fulfil duty |
| 行使权力 | exercise power |
| 部长通道 | Ministers’ passage |
| 代表通道 | deputies' passage |
| 委员通道 | CPPCC members’ passage |
| “五位一体” | the five-sphere integrated plan |
| “四个全面” | the four-pronged comprehensive strategy |
| “十三五”规划 | the 13th Five-Year Plan |
| 共享经济 | the sharing economy |
| “互联网+” | the Internet Plus model |
| “双创” | business startups and innovation |
| 简政放权 | streamline administration and delegate powers |
| “一带一路” | the Belt and Road Initiative |
| 中等收入群体 | the middle-income group |
| 平台经济 | the platform economy |
| 区间调控 | ranged-based regulation |
| 定向调控、相机调控、精准调控 | targeted, well-timed, and precision regulation |
| 供需动态平衡 | a dynamic equilibrium of supply and demand |
| “硬着陆” | hard landing |
| 第五代移动通信 | 5G mobile communications |
| 营改增 | the replacement of business tax with value added tax (VAT) |
| 定向降准 | targeted reserve requirement ratio cuts |
| 专项再贷款 | targeted re-lending |
| 供给侧结构性改革 | supply-side structural reform |
| “三去一降一补” | cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and strengthen areas of weakness |
| 品质改革 | a revolution in the quality of Chinese-made goods |
| “中国制造2025” | Made in China 2025 initiative |
| 工业强基、智能制造、绿色制造 | robust industrial foundations, smart manufacturing, and green manufacturing |
| “放管服”改革 | reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, improve regulation, and strengethen services |
| “双随机、一公开” | randomly selected inspectors who inspect randomly selected entities and the prompt release of results |
| “互联网+政务服务” | the Internet Plus Government Services model |
| 惠普性支持政策 | support policies designed to benefit all entrepreneurs and innovators |
| 公司制改革 | the reform to convert SOEs into standard companies |
| 城镇调查失业率 | the surveyed urban unemployment rate |
| 农村承包地“三权”分置改革 | reform to separate rural land ownership rights, contract rights, an use rights |
| 河长制、湖长制 | the river chief and lake chief systems |
| 亚投行 | the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank |
| 自贸试验区 | the pilot free trade zone |
| 跨境电商综合试验区 | comprehensive experimental zone for cross-border e-commerce |
| 国际贸易“单一窗口” | single-window document processing for international trade |
| 自由贸易协定 | free trade agreement |
| 沪港通 | the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect |
| 深港通 | the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect |
| 债券通 | the Bond Connect |
| 居住证制度 | a residence card system |
| 全面两孩政策 | all couples can now have two children |
| 黄标车 | high-emission vehicles |
| “三严三实” | the Three Stricts and Three Earnests |
| “四风” | the practice of formalities for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance |
| 国务院“约法三章” | the three-point State Council decision on curbing government spending |
| “九二共识” | the 1992 Consensus |
| 三大攻坚战 | the three critical battles |
| 宏观杠杆率 | macro leverage ratio |
| “三农” | agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents |
| 小微企业 | small and micro businesses |
| 实体经济 | the real economy |
| 营商环境 | the business environment |
| 数字中国 | a Digital China |
| 工匠精神 | the spirit of workmanship |
| “僵尸产业” | zombie enterprise |
| 市场准入负面清单制度 | a negative list for market access |
| “证照分离” | separate permits and certificates from business licenses |
| “只进一扇门”、“最多跑一次” | things requiring presence in person get done in one place and without the need for a second trip |
| 创新型国家 | a country of innovators |
| 中国创新“加速度” | China will break into a sprint in innovation |
| “两个毫不动摇” | no irresoluton about consolidating and developing the public sector and no irresolution about encouraging, supporting, and guiding non-public sector development |
| 亲清新型政商关系 | a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business |
| 产权制度 | property rights systems |
| 要素市场化配置机制 | mechanisms for market-based allocation of the factors of production |
| 财税体制改革 | structural fiscal and tax reforms |
| 影子银行 | shadow banking |
| 地方政府举债融资机制 | the standard mechanisms for local governments to secure financing |
| 精准脱贫 | targeted poverty alleviation |
| 蓝天保卫战 | the fight to defend the blue of our shies |
| “厕所革命” | the Toilet Revolution |
| 雄安新区 | the Xiongan New Area |
| 粤港澳大港区 | the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area |
| 海洋经济 | the maritime economy |
| 新型城镇化 | new urbanization |
| “城中村” | villages in cities |
| 新能源汽车 | new-energy vehicles |
| 二手车限迁政策 | policies that restrict sales of non-local second-hand vehicles |
| “一口办理” | business filing and business registration will be processed together in one go |
| “双一流” | world-class universities and world-class disciplines |
| 分级诊疗 | tiered diagnosis and treatment |
| 三年棚改攻坚计划 | three-year renovation plan |
| “四个意识” | maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, an keep in alignment |
| 社会主义核心价值观 | core socialist values |
| 人类命运共同体 | a community with a shared future for mankind |
